NSW’s 10 Power Outage Blackspots Revealed

Introduction

In today’s increasingly connected world, even a brief power outage can disrupt businesses, compromise safety, and inconvenience thousands of residents. With New South Wales experiencing frequent and widespread outages, identifying the areas most impacted is critical for planning and resilience.

This report, NSW’s 10 Power Outage Blackspots Revealed, examines April 2023–March 2024 power outage data from AusGrid, the leading energy distributor in NSW, to uncover the regions most affected by power disruptions. By analysing outage trends and their implications, alongside 2023 demographic data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics, we provide a detailed overview of how these interruptions impact communities and businesses across the state.

From emergency preparedness to long-term power solutions, we highlight practical approaches to safeguard against outages, including the use of Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) systems as a reliable option. Whether you’re a homeowner or business owner, this analysis will help you take proactive steps to mitigate the risks of power interruptions in today’s energy landscape.

Outage Trends and Implications

This is a tabulation of the data from AusGrid and the Australian Bureau of Statistics.

Power Outages and Customers Interrupted

From the data on power outages and customers interrupted across Local Government Areas (LGAs), we can infer the following trends:

High Outage Areas vs. Customer Impact

• Central Coast has the highest number of power outages (245) and the largest number of customers interrupted (184,631). This suggests either a more vulnerable power infrastructure or greater exposure to factors causing outages, such as weather or demand.
• Conversely, Sydney, despite being a major urban area, has relatively fewer outages (41) and fewer customers affected (17,419). This could indicate better infrastructure or fewer disruptions relative to its population.

Outages and Population Correlation

• LGAs like Canterbury Bankstown and Lake Macquarie have similar outage counts (162 and 107, respectively), but the total customers interrupted are vastly different (79,171 vs. 89,410). This suggests variability in the density of customers affected by each outage.
• Ryde and Ku-ring-gai, with lower outage numbers (47 and 55), still have moderate customer interruptions (35,438 and 28,562), indicating smaller but denser affected populations.

Northern Beaches vs. Hornsby

• Both LGAs show a similar pattern in terms of the number of customers interrupted (57,273 and 60,278), despite differing numbers of outages (105 vs. 92). This suggests similar population densities or areas served by shared infrastructure.

Efficiency of Response or Network Robustness

• LGAs with a lower ratio of outages to customers (e.g., Sydney, Bayside) might have more robust or better-maintained power networks, minimising the scale of interruptions despite outages occurring.

Urban vs. Suburban Impact

• Denser urban areas such as Sydney and Bayside experience fewer outages and relatively fewer customers interrupted, possibly reflecting stronger, well-maintained infrastructure compared to more suburban or regional areas like the Central Coast and Lake Macquarie.

Disparity in Outage Scale

• The Central Coast demonstrates a much larger scale of impact, with significantly more customers per outage compared to others like Ku-ring-gai or Ryde. This suggests variability in the geographic scope and intensity of each outage.

These trends could guide decisions on where to invest in infrastructure improvements, particularly focusing on areas with high outage counts and large customer impacts, such as the Central Coast and Lake Macquarie.

Relationship Between Power Outages, Customer Interruptions, and Population Size

With the addition of total resident numbers in each LGA, we can draw more nuanced insights about the relationship between power outages, customer interruptions, and population size:

Outage Density vs. Population Size

• Central Coast has a high number of power outages (245) and the largest number of customers interrupted (184,631), accounting for 52.4% of its population. This suggests that outages in this area affect a significant portion of the population, potentially due to high dependency on the grid and less resilient infrastructure.
• Canterbury Bankstown, despite being the most populous LGA (379,829), has a comparatively smaller percentage of residents impacted by outages (20.8% of the population). This may indicate better grid management or infrastructure to limit the scale of interruptions.

Impact Proportionate to Population

• Northern Beaches and Ku-ring-gai show interesting contrasts:
  • Northern Beaches has 21.4% of residents interrupted, with 105 outages for 267,921 people.
  • Ku-ring-gai has fewer outages (55) and impacts 22.5% of its population. This may suggest that while outages are less frequent, they affect a larger proportion of the population in Ku-ring-gai.

Disparities in Grid Resilience

• Sydney LGA, despite being urban and densely populated (231,086), has the lowest proportion of affected residents (7.5%). This likely reflects robust infrastructure and effective outage management in a high-priority area.
• Ryde and Bayside both show moderate outage numbers (47 and 44) and affected residents (35,438 and 31,664), representing 26.1% and 17.3% of their populations, respectively.

Disproportionate Customer Impact

• Lake Macquarie stands out with 40.8% of its population impacted by outages, despite having fewer residents than the Central Coast. This suggests a greater reliance on grid power in this semi-urban area, or possibly larger outage footprints affecting more customers per event.

Smaller LGAs with Higher Impact

• Hornsby and Sutherland, despite smaller populations (154,072 and 235,029), have notable proportions of affected residents (39.1% and 17.2%, respectively). Hornsby’s data may indicate areas with concentrated outages or infrastructure challenges.

Key Patterns to Emphasise

• Larger LGAs like Canterbury Bankstown and Sydney seem better equipped to mitigate the effects of outages on their populations.
• Areas like Lake Macquarie, Central Coast, and Hornsby show the highest vulnerability, with large proportions of residents affected relative to their total populations.
• Urban LGAs like Sydney and Bayside show the lowest disruption levels, likely due to prioritised grid infrastructure and outage response systems.

These trends provide compelling evidence for the need to invest in UPS systems, especially in high-impact areas like the Central Coast, Lake Macquarie, and Hornsby, where frequent and widespread outages are likely to cause significant disruptions.

Impact of Power Outages on Local Economies and Business Operations

Adding the number of businesses in each LGA to the analysis provides additional insights into how power outages might affect local economies and business operations. Here are the key trends and observations:

Business Impact Relative to Outages

• Sydney LGA has the fewest outages (41) but the highest number of businesses (79,163). Only 21.99% of businesses are impacted, suggesting a relatively robust power infrastructure that minimises business disruptions despite its economic significance as a major business hub.
• Central Coast, with 245 outages and 26,266 businesses, shows a stark contrast: 70.3% of businesses are potentially affected. This high proportion underscores the vulnerability of businesses in this region to frequent outages.

Smaller Business Regions, High Customer Impact

• Lake Macquarie has 107 outages and only 14,276 businesses, with 626.5 customers interrupted per business on average. This indicates that outages in this area disproportionately affect residents and business operations, which may rely heavily on continuous power.
• Hornsby and Ku-ring-gai, with similar numbers of businesses (~14,000), show contrasting customer impact:
  • Hornsby: 60278 total customers interrupted → 4.3 customers impacted per business.
  • Ku-ring-gai: 28,562 total customers interrupted → 1.9 customers impacted per business. This suggests businesses in Hornsby may experience more operational challenges during outages.

Business Density in High-Outage Areas

• Northern Beaches, with 105 outages and 32,905 businesses, shows a relatively moderate proportion of businesses affected (28.4%). However, its business density suggests the economic impact of outages may still be significant for local businesses that depend on a steady power supply.
• Canterbury Bankstown, with 162 outages and 41,102 businesses, has 19.2% of businesses interrupted. This indicates better outage management or distributed impacts in this populous area.

Regional Disparities in Business Vulnerability

• Smaller, business-focused LGAs like Ryde and Bayside show different dynamics:
  • Ryde: 47 outages and 14,361 businesses result in 2.46 customers interrupted per business.
  • Bayside: 44 outages and 18,843 businesses result in 1.68 customers interrupted per business. This implies that businesses in Bayside are less likely to face extended disruptions compared to those in Ryde, even with a similar number of outages.

Large-Scale Business Hubs

• Sydney, with a high number of businesses, benefits from lower outages and customer interruptions, demonstrating its priority as a central hub for economic activity. This highlights the importance of reliable grid management in high-density business regions.

Key Outage-to-Business Ratios

• Central Coast and Lake Macquarie show the highest outages per business ratios (0.0093 and 0.0075 outages per business, respectively). This reflects a strong need for backup systems, especially given the reliance on power-dependent industries in these regions.

Implications for UPS Adoption

• LGAs like the Central Coast, Lake Macquarie, and Northern Beaches demonstrate the highest need for UPS systems, as frequent outages disrupt both businesses and large customer bases.
• Sydney and Canterbury Bankstown, while benefiting from more reliable power infrastructure, could still explore UPS systems for critical operations, especially given their large business populations.

Business Ownership and Outage Impact

• Sydney LGA stands out with 34.26% of residents owning businesses, significantly higher than other LGAs. However, the percentage of customers affected is the lowest (7.54%), and the total number of interrupted businesses is moderate (5,967). This reflects Sydney’s robust infrastructure despite its high concentration of businesses.
• Northern Beaches has the second-highest rate of business ownership (12.28%), but only 21.38% of customers are affected, suggesting better mitigation of outages for both residents and businesses.

High Outage Density in Less Business-Dense Areas

• Central Coast has the highest number of customers affected (184,631) and total businesses interrupted (13,780), despite having a relatively low business ownership rate (7.46%). This suggests outages are more widespread and indiscriminate, affecting both residential and commercial sectors significantly.
• Lake Macquarie follows a similar pattern with 40.78% of customers affected, indicating high vulnerability in regions with lower business density (6.51% business ownership rate).

Customer Impact Proportionality

• Canterbury Bankstown, while being the most populous LGA (379,829 residents), has a low 20.84% of customers affected. This indicates better grid resilience or more targeted infrastructure improvements.
• Ku-ring-gai and Ryde, with mid-range populations and business ownership rates (11.75% and 10.58%, respectively), show moderate customer impacts (22.49% and 26.11%).

Residential vs. Business Impact

• The Central Coast, Lake Macquarie, and Hornsby stand out as areas where businesses are disproportionately affected relative to their ownership rates. These LGAs likely experience outages that have broad impacts on both sectors, but businesses may struggle more to recover due to smaller economies of scale.
• Urban LGAs like Sydney and Bayside have fewer outages and lower percentages of affected customers, reflecting stronger grid resilience for high-density populations.

Regional Disparities in Outage Severity

• Rural and semi-urban LGAs such as the Central Coast and Lake Macquarie show:
  • Higher percentages of total customers affected (52.46% and 40.78%, respectively).
  • Significant disruption to businesses (13,780 and 5,822 businesses interrupted). These areas may benefit most from the implementation of UPS systems to safeguard against recurring outages.
• Urban hubs like Sydney and Canterbury Bankstown have fewer businesses interrupted and lower customer impact rates, reflecting prioritised infrastructure in metropolitan regions.

Business Risk in Mid-Range LGAs

• LGAs such as Hornsby, Ryde, and Ku-ring-gai experience moderate customer impact percentages (22.49%–39.12%) and significant business interruptions (3,356–5,521). These areas may not have the extensive infrastructure of urban hubs, making businesses more vulnerable to even short outages.

Key Takeaways

• High-Risk LGAs: The Central Coast, Lake Macquarie, and Hornsby require urgent attention to address frequent outages impacting large proportions of residents and businesses.
• Mid-Risk LGAs: Ryde and Ku-ring-gai demonstrate growing business risks despite moderate outage levels, suggesting these areas could benefit from targeted UPS solutions.
• Low-Risk LGAs: Urban centres like Sydney and Bayside show resilience due to lower customer impact rates and fewer business interruptions, reflecting strong grid management.

Geographical Analysis

When incorporating the geographical locations of these LGAs into the analysis, several trends and insights emerge, reflecting how geography influences power outages, customer impacts, and business interruptions.

Urban vs. Regional Disparities

• Urban LGAs (Sydney, Bayside, Canterbury Bankstown):
  • These areas, located closer to the Sydney CBD, experience fewer power outages (e.g., Sydney with 41 outages and Bayside with 44). Urban infrastructure is often more robust, prioritised for maintenance, and equipped with robust systems.
  • They also show lower percentages of customers affected (e.g., 7.54% in Sydney, 17.30% in Bayside) due to a dense but resilient grid.
  • Urban LGAs typically host a higher concentration of businesses, with Sydney LGA alone having 79,163 businesses, suggesting an economic prioritisation in maintaining power reliability.
• Regional and Semi-Urban LGAs (Central Coast, Lake Macquarie, Hornsby):
  • These LGAs, geographically further from the CBD and more rural or suburban in character, face frequent outages and higher percentages of customers affected (e.g., 52.46% in Central Coast and 40.78% in Lake Macquarie). This indicates less resilient infrastructure in areas further from metropolitan hubs.
  • Businesses in these areas are more vulnerable, with a higher percentage impacted, such as 13,780 interrupted businesses in Central Coast, reflecting the widespread nature of outages.

Coastal vs. Inland Vulnerabilities

• Coastal LGAs (Central Coast, Northern Beaches, Lake Macquarie):
  • Coastal areas are more exposed to weather-related risks, such as storms and salt-related equipment degradation, which can lead to higher outage numbers (e.g., 245 outages in Central Coast).
  • Northern Beaches, while coastal, shows fewer customers affected (21.38%) compared to the Central Coast, likely due to better-maintained infrastructure.

Inland LGAs (Hornsby, Ryde, Ku-ring-gai):

• While inland, these LGAs still show significant impacts due to outages. For instance:
  • Hornsby has 39.12% of customers affected, highlighting that even suburban areas face infrastructure challenges.
  • Ku-ring-gai shows lower impact proportions (22.49%) but still experiences notable business interruptions.

Business Density and Impact

• High-Density Business Hubs (Sydney, Canterbury Bankstown, Northern Beaches):
  • These areas have a high percentage of residents owning businesses (e.g., 34.26% in Sydney, 12.28% in Northern Beaches) and experience fewer interruptions, showcasing the benefit of centralised and prioritised infrastructure for commercial centres.
• Low-Density Business Regions (Lake Macquarie, Hornsby):
  • Businesses here are fewer in number (e.g., 14,276 in Lake Macquarie), but outages disproportionately affect operations. This suggests a higher need for UPS solutions in these regions to ensure business continuity.

Residential Impacts Across Regions

• Higher Residential Risk in Regional LGAs:
  • Central Coast has over half its population impacted by outages (52.46%), highlighting significant residential vulnerability.
  • Lake Macquarie and Hornsby follow with 40.78% and 39.12%, respectively, suggesting that infrastructure in these LGAs struggles to keep pace with demand or environmental challenges.
• Lower Residential Risk in Urban LGAs:
  • Sydney and Bayside, located near the urban core, demonstrate the lowest residential impacts (7.54% and 17.30%, respectively), reflecting stronger infrastructure maintenance and redundancy.

Proximity to Economic Centres

• LGAs closer to economic centres like Sydney CBD (e.g., Bayside, Ryde, Canterbury Bankstown) show fewer outages and lower overall customer impact percentages. This highlights the economic prioritisation of these areas, where maintaining power reliability is critical for business and government functions.
• Peripheral LGAs (e.g., Central Coast, Lake Macquarie) face more significant challenges due to their distance from centralised energy infrastructure and potential delays in outage resolution.

Geographical Insights

• Urban Core Advantage: LGAs within or near Sydney’s urban core benefit from prioritised infrastructure investment, leading to fewer outages and lower impact rates. Businesses in these areas are less likely to face extended disruptions.
• Coastal Risks: Coastal LGAs experience more outages and greater customer impacts, likely due to environmental factors like storms and salt exposure. This is particularly evident in the Central Coast and Lake Macquarie.
• Suburban and Regional Struggles: LGAs further from the city centre, especially in semi-urban or regional areas like Hornsby, face significant infrastructure challenges, leading to high percentages of affected customers and businesses.

Coastal, suburban, and regional areas are at greater risk, underscoring the importance of UPS systems in these locations to safeguard residential comfort and business continuity. Urban areas, while more resilient, can still benefit from backup power solutions to protect critical infrastructure and operations.

Quarterly Analysis

January 2024 to March 2024

Several trends emerge regarding power outages between January and March 2024. Here’s a summary of the trends:

Primary Causes of Outages

• Equipment Faults: A significant portion of outages in all areas is due to equipment faults. These faults often result in longer average outage durations, especially in areas like Hornsby, Ku-ring-gai, and Ryde.
• Environmental Factors: Environmental causes (storms, high winds, heat) are prevalent, particularly in Northern Beaches, Lake Macquarie, and Sutherland, which are geographically exposed to natural elements. These outages often coincide with extreme weather events and have varying durations.
• Third-Party and Cable Digs: Urban areas like Sydney, Ryde, and Canterbury Bankstown show higher instances of third-party interference (e.g., cable digs), reflecting construction and urban development activity.
• Lightning: Seen in areas like Lake Macquarie and Ku-ring-gai, lightning contributed to outages with moderately long durations.

Seasonal Trends

• January: Environmental causes dominated this month, particularly in areas prone to severe weather, such as Lake Macquarie and Hornsby. Equipment faults were also frequent in urban regions like Canterbury Bankstown and Ryde.
• February: Outages caused by lightning and environmental factors spiked, particularly in Lake Macquarie, Ku-ring-gai, and Northern Beaches, coinciding with summer thunderstorms. Urban areas also saw construction-related outages.
• March: Equipment faults became more prominent in almost all areas, suggesting increased stress on aging infrastructure post-summer. Environmental factors, while still present, showed a decline compared to earlier months.

Timing and Frequency

• Outages in residential areas (e.g., Hornsby, Ku-ring-gai, Northern Beaches) tend to occur in the early morning or late afternoon, possibly due to increased load during these times.
• Urban areas like Sydney and Ryde see more outages during standard working hours (e.g., 9 AM–5 PM), likely related to construction or equipment faults during active infrastructure operations.
• Some rural and suburban areas, such as Lake Macquarie, experienced sporadic outages late at night or early morning, typically linked to environmental causes.

Duration of Outages

• Prolonged Outages: Notable in areas like Hornsby, Ku-ring-gai, and Ryde, where equipment failures caused outages lasting several hours (e.g., over 200 minutes in some cases).
• Shorter Outages: Urban areas (e.g., Sydney, Bayside) generally saw shorter outages, often resolved within 50–100 minutes, potentially reflecting faster repair times due to better resources and proximity to repair teams.
• Environmental Causes: Outages caused by storms or lightning often had moderate-to-long durations, as seen in Lake Macquarie, Northern Beaches, and Sutherland, likely due to safety protocols and complex repairs.

Location-Specific Insights

• Central Coast and Lake Macquarie: These regions experienced frequent outages due to environmental factors, particularly during summer storms. Equipment faults were also common, reflecting aging infrastructure in some parts.
• Canterbury Bankstown: A mix of causes was observed, with a notable contribution from equipment faults and third-party issues. Outages were generally shorter here.
• Northern Beaches: Environmental factors like storms dominated, with occasional equipment faults.
• Sydney and Bayside: Urban development and third-party interference (cable digs) were the leading causes. Outages here were typically shorter due to efficient restoration.
• Hornsby and Ku-ring-gai: These areas faced a mix of environmental and equipment-related outages, often lasting longer than in other regions.
• Ryde: Frequent outages were caused by equipment faults, with some of the longest durations recorded.
• Sutherland: Equipment faults were the primary issue, followed by environmental factors. Outages here were relatively moderate in duration.

Key Observations

• Infrastructure Challenges: Equipment faults are a recurring issue, highlighting aging infrastructure across most areas, particularly in Hornsby, Ku-ring-gai, and Ryde.
• Environmental Vulnerability: Areas exposed to natural elements, such as Lake Macquarie, Sutherland, and Northern Beaches, are more prone to weather-related outages, particularly in summer months.
• Urban Impact: Urban areas like Sydney, Canterbury Bankstown, and Ryde show a higher frequency of outages caused by third-party activities, reflecting construction activity and population density.

October 2023 to December 2023

The following are the trends and insights related to power outages in the areas concerned for October to December 2023:

Seasonal Patterns

• Environmental Causes: Environmental reasons, including storms, heat, and lightning, were more prevalent as causes in December, suggesting a seasonal impact. This aligns with Australia’s summer season, where extreme weather events like thunderstorms and high winds are common.
• Equipment Faults: Equipment failures were consistent throughout the months but showed a slight uptick in December, possibly due to increased load on infrastructure during the holiday season.

Timing of Outages

• Late Evenings and Early Mornings: A noticeable pattern is the high frequency of outages occurring late at night (10 PM–2 AM) and early morning hours (5 AM–7 AM). This could be attributed to routine maintenance or less immediate attention to faults during non-peak hours.
• Afternoons (2 PM–4 PM): Afternoon outages are also frequent, particularly in high-demand areas, possibly due to increased energy usage during hot afternoons.

Regional Trends

Central Coast (Gosford, Wyong, Lake Macquarie, Newcastle)

• Frequent Environmental Causes: This region frequently reported environmental causes, including storms and lightning, especially in Lake Macquarie and Wyong.
• Long Durations: Some of the longest outages (e.g., 1,000+ minutes in Wyong) occurred here, likely due to the combination of environmental challenges and infrastructure strain.

Canterbury Bankstown (Bankstown, Canterbury)

• Consistent Equipment Faults: Equipment failure was the primary cause of outages, with additional cases of lightning and environmental issues during December.
• Shorter Outages: The average duration of outages in this region tended to be shorter compared to Central Coast.

Northern Beaches (Warringah, Pittwater, Manly)

• Equipment Faults and Environmental Factors: Equipment faults dominated, with environmental factors like storms becoming more frequent in December.
• High Customer Impact: Warringah and Manly had several outages impacting large customer bases (e.g., 2,000+ customers), indicating this area’s high sensitivity to outages.

Sydney (Sydney CBD, South Sydney, Inner West)

• Third-Party Causes: Sydney experienced a noticeable share of outages caused by third-party activities (e.g., cable digs). These disruptions are common in densely populated areas with ongoing infrastructure projects.
• Shorter Durations: Outages in Sydney were typically resolved faster, likely due to better infrastructure and quicker response times.

Lake Macquarie

• Environmental Dominance: Most outages were attributed to environmental causes, with extended durations (e.g., 441 minutes on 29 November). This highlights the region’s susceptibility to natural events like storms.

Hornsby

• Equipment Faults and Environmental Causes: Hornsby displayed a balance between equipment faults and environmental causes. The area experienced several significant outages affecting large numbers of customers.

Sutherland

• Environmental Factors Lead: Environmental issues caused most outages, though equipment faults also appeared consistently.
• Higher Outage Counts: Sutherland recorded frequent outages across all months, making it one of the more outage-prone regions.

Ryde

• Short Durations: Outages in Ryde generally had shorter durations compared to other areas.
• Equipment Failures: Equipment faults were the leading cause, reflecting potential infrastructure challenges in this region.

Ku-ring-gai

• Balanced Causes: Equipment faults and environmental issues were both significant. The area occasionally experienced longer outage durations, suggesting repair challenges.
• Spike in December: December saw an increase in outage frequency, likely due to summer weather conditions.

Bayside (Rockdale, Botany, Waverley, Woollahra)

• Short but Frequent Outages: Bayside areas experienced shorter outages overall but had consistent frequency across the months.
• Diverse Causes: Outages here were attributed to equipment faults, third-party activities, and lightning.

Causes of Outages

• Equipment Faults: These were the most consistent cause of outages across all areas. This trend suggests potential aging infrastructure or insufficient capacity for peak loads.
• Environmental Factors: These surged in December, aligning with Australia’s summer storm season. Areas like Lake Macquarie, Wyong, and Sutherland were heavily affected.
• Third-Party Issues: Inner Sydney and Bayside areas saw more outages caused by third-party activities like cable digs, reflecting ongoing urban development and construction projects.

Customer Impact

• High Impact Areas: Regions like Warringah, Bankstown, and Gosford saw outages affecting thousands of customers in several instances, indicating higher population density or more extensive infrastructure networks.
• Shorter Durations in Urban Areas: Central Sydney, Bayside, and parts of Ryde experienced quicker resolutions, likely due to proximity to repair teams and better infrastructure.

Overall Observations

• Summer Challenges: December saw a marked increase in outages due to environmental factors, highlighting the need for improved weather-resilient infrastructure in areas like Central Coast, Northern Beaches, and Sutherland.
• Aging Equipment: Equipment faults remain a major concern across all regions, necessitating upgrades or proactive maintenance programs.
• Third-Party Disruptions: Urban areas like Sydney and Bayside are prone to outages from third-party activities, reflecting the challenges of managing power networks in densely populated regions.

July 2023 to September 2023

Here’s an analysis of the power outage data for the areas of concern from July to September 2023:

General Trends

1. Frequency of Outages:
   1. Central Coast (Gosford, Wyong, Newcastle): Consistently experienced frequent outages, often multiple events per day in some cases.
   2. Canterbury Bankstown: Fewer outages than Central Coast but significant ones, often with high average durations.
   3. Northern Beaches (Manly, Pittwater, Warringah): Moderate number of outages, with notable durations in some cases.
   4. Sydney (Central and South Sydney): Sporadic outages, some with a high number of customers interrupted.
   5. Lake Macquarie: Frequent outages with considerable duration in some cases.
   6. Hornsby: Regular outages with a mix of equipment faults and environmental causes.
   7. Sutherland: Frequent outages, some affecting thousands of customers, with a variety of causes.
   8. Ryde: Few outages, but some with high customer impacts.
   9. Ku-ring-gai: Moderate outages, often caused by environmental factors.
   10. Bayside (Rockdale, Botany, Randwick): Regular outages, particularly in Randwick, with durations often exceeding 100 minutes.
2. Common Causes:
   1. Equipment Faults: The dominant cause across all areas. This indicates aging infrastructure or the inability to handle peak loads during winter.
   2. Environmental: Second most frequent cause, likely related to seasonal weather patterns (rain, storms, winds).
   3. Third Party: Less frequent but noticeable, particularly in urban areas like Sydney and Ryde.
   4. Operating Faults: Rare but impactful when they occur.
   5. Lightning: A specific cause for some outages in late September, likely seasonal.
3. Seasonal Impact:
   1. Winter months (July to September) coincide with increased load due to heating and weather-related stresses on infrastructure.
   2. September shows an uptick in environmental causes (e.g., storms, lightning), particularly in Central Coast and Lake Macquarie.
4. Average Duration:
   1. Some areas, like Lake Macquarie, Canterbury Bankstown, and Sutherland, experienced prolonged outages (200+ minutes on average).
   2. Shorter durations were observed in areas with higher population density, possibly due to faster response times (e.g., Sydney, Ryde).

Area-Specific Trends

Central Coast (Gosford, Wyong, Newcastle)

• High frequency of outages, especially in Gosford and Wyong.
• Equipment faults dominate, but environmental causes also feature significantly.
• Longer durations compared to urban areas, possibly due to distance from response teams.

Canterbury Bankstown

• Moderate frequency of outages, often equipment-related.
• High average durations indicate challenges in resolution efficiency.

Northern Beaches (Manly, Pittwater, Warringah)

• Moderate outages, mostly equipment faults and environmental issues.
• Noticeable long-duration outages, especially in Pittwater and Warringah.

Sydney (South Sydney, Central Sydney)

• Sporadic outages with mixed causes (equipment faults, third party, cable digs).
• Shorter durations compared to regional areas.

Lake Macquarie

• Frequent outages with long durations.
• Equipment faults are the most common cause, but environmental factors are prominent.

Hornsby

• Frequent outages with a balanced mix of equipment faults and environmental causes.
• Average durations are on the higher side, reflecting response challenges.

Sutherland

• Frequent outages with significant customer impact.
• Equipment faults dominate, followed by environmental causes.

Ryde

• Fewer outages but impactful when they occur.
• Notable equipment faults and some third-party causes.

Ku-ring-gai

• Moderate outages, often due to environmental causes.
• Generally shorter durations compared to rural areas.

Bayside (Rockdale, Botany, Randwick)

• Consistent outages, with Randwick experiencing the most frequent interruptions.
• Equipment faults dominate, with occasional third-party and environmental factors.